A medieval Yemenite rabbi declared Muhammad a true prophet sent to the Arabs, not to Israel. Around 1165, Nathanael ibn al-Fayyumi articulated a position no other Jewish thinker of his era dared advance: that God sends prophets to every nation according to its language and capacity, and that Muhammad was one of them. Not an impostor. A genuine envoy addressed to the Arabs, and to them alone. Saadia Gaon rejected this. Judah Halevi rejected this. Maimonides could not fully escape contradicting himself over it. Eight centuries later, even Britain s Chief Rabbi was forced to retract a far gentler version…

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